Trong cu\u1ed1n ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft \u201cNh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111o\u00e0n t\u1ee5\u201d (\u6218\u53cb\u91cd\u9022) xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 2001 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i Nobel Mo Yan (M\u1ea1c Ng\u00f4n), m\u1ed9t binh s\u0129 Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u2013 Qian Yinghao \u2013 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fa nh\u1eadn tham v\u1ecdng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh anh h\u00f9ng th\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh th\u1eddi b\u00ecnh. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 \u00f4ng r\u1ea5t ph\u1ea5n kh\u1edfi khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra ti\u1ec1n tuy\u1ebfn \u2013 trong s\u1ef1 tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Kinh v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00a0\u201ccu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7\u201d ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ecdn x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t Nam. M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh Qian Yinghao \u0111\u00e3 m\u01a1 m\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn: S\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 s\u1ebd mang theo vinh quang; c\u00f2n n\u1ebfu b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft, cha m\u1eb9 ngh\u00e8o kh\u00f3 c\u1ee7a anh ta s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u00eam ti\u1ec1n c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1ee1ng.<\/p>\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u1ea3 c\u00f3 vinh quang n\u00e0o, anh l\u00ednh Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y k\u1ebb th\u00f9 n\u00e0o \u1edf ph\u00eda Nam. Anh v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ed3n ma kh\u00e1c ch\u1ee3t nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft binh l\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ebft trong im l\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n vinh l\u00e0 anh h\u00f9ng. \u201cH\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ebft trong v\u00f4 danh. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft c\u00f3ng, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3i, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft \u0111u\u1ed1i d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u00f4ng, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb ch\u00f3 c\u1eafn, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft v\u00ec b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p l\u1ea1i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a anh n\u00f3i: \u201cT\u00f4i bu\u1ed3n cho anh, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec anh ch\u1ebft m\u00e0 v\u00ec anh ch\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch oan u\u1ed5ng. \u00d4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e0i qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1c t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1ea7u \u00f3c minh m\u1eabn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00ednh anh h\u00f9ng, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u1eb7ng l\u1ebd.\u201d<\/p>\n
Cu\u1ed1n ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft c\u0169ng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfng k\u00eau nh\u1ee9c nh\u1ed1i t\u1eeb h\u1ed3n ma c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh Trung Qu\u1ed1c thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1979, v\u00e0o l\u00fac nghe tin hai k\u1ebb th\u00f9 Trung \u2013 Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f3a quan h\u1ec7. M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ngo\u1ea1i giao n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ec7nh b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh. T\u00e2m h\u1ed3n h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u00ecnh y\u00ean ngay c\u1ea3 khi ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1eb1ng sau cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a M\u1ea1c Ng\u00f4n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt: \u1ede Trung Qu\u1ed1c, c\u00e1c c\u1ef1u chi\u1ebfn binh v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh t\u1eed tr\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ebfc nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ng\u00e3 xu\u1ed1ng trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh Trung-Vi\u1ec7t, v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u00fd che \u0111\u1eady. M\u1ea1c Ng\u00f4n \u0111\u00e0nh ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft v\u0103n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 s\u1ef1 im l\u1eb7ng, v\u00ec c\u00f4ng lu\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p tranh lu\u1eadn c\u00f4ng khai v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n
Tr\u00ean trang web c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i giao Trung Qu\u1ed1c, b\u00e0i t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 quan h\u1ec7 Trung Qu\u1ed1c-Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c quan h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y xu\u1ed1ng d\u1ed1c trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng n\u00eau r\u00f5 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1eb1ng sau s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n. kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00f4ng tin r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y. Trong khi Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh kh\u00e1c \u2013 bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh Trung-\u1ea4n n\u0103m 1962, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn trong ti\u1ebfng Trung l\u00e0 \u201ccu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9\u201d (\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u5883\u81ea\u536b\u53cd\u51fb) v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh Trung-Nga n\u0103m 1969, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi theo c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 \u201ccu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea3o B\u1ea3o Ch\u1ea5n\u201d (\u73cd\u5b9d\u5c9b\u81ea\u536b\u53cd\u51fb\u6218), n\u00f3 h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201ccu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d (\u5bf9\u8d8a\u81ea\u536b\u53cd\u51fb\u6218), t\u00ean c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c d\u00e0nh cho cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn Trung-Vi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n
Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd, ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eabm m\u00e1u gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n N\u0103m 1950, n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Trung Hoa \u2013 khi \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t tu\u1ed5i \u2013 l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a do \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam (\u0110CSVN) l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o. Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn n\u01b0\u1edbc CHND Trung Hoa do \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o. M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m trong m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7.<\/p>\n Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t cho mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 M\u1ef9. Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 th\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd l\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1965, vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i: Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 tinh vi c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4. Trong khi \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Trung Qu\u1ed1c (\u0110CSTQ) cung c\u1ea5p v\u0169 kh\u00ed cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u00ec Li\u00ean X\u00f4 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n Tuy nhi\u00ean, d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng B\u00ed th\u01b0 th\u00e2n Li\u00ean X\u00f4 L\u00ea Du\u1ea9n, Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n xa r\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c giao tranh \u1edf bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1973 tr\u1edf \u0111i. S\u1ed1 v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Trung-Vi\u1ec7t t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p 4 l\u1ea7n t\u1eeb 100 v\u1ee5 n\u0103m 1974, l\u00ean 400 v\u1ee5 n\u0103m 1975, v\u00e0 t\u0103ng l\u00ean 900 v\u1ee5 n\u0103m 1976.<\/p>\n V\u00e0o gi\u1eefa n\u0103m 1976, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0a ra ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00f3a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u1ed1c h\u1eefu h\u00f3a c\u00e1c \u201cdoanh nghi\u1ec7p\u201d thu\u1ed9c s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i m\u00e0 h\u1ecd cho l\u00e0 \u201cgiai c\u1ea5p t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n\u201d \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 \u0111ang \u0111e d\u1ecda qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa (d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Hoa) \u2013 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n Ngo\u00e0i ra, v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i c\u0169ng can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u1ea5m n\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u201cch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c duy t\u00e2m ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng\u201d. Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i c\u00e1o bu\u1ed9c B\u1eafc Kinh l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn t\u1eadp trung \u1edf v\u00f9ng bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Cu\u1ed9c di c\u01b0 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c n\u0103m 1978 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c khi\u1ebfn B\u1eafc Kinh ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn x\u00edch l\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n h\u01a1n v\u1edbi Li\u00ean X\u00f4, Trung Qu\u1ed1c tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u00edt c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. Nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, \u0110\u1eb7ng Ti\u1ec3u B\u00ecnh, \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103m 1979: \u201cVi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng nghe l\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u00f2n\u201d.<\/p>\n Poster tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u1ee7a Trung C\u1ed9ng<\/p>\n Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn khi\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u1ea5t c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c, v\u00ec \u0110\u1eb7ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi L\u00ea Du\u1ea9n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1977 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi. Ba v\u00f2ng \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n m\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng n\u0103m 1979 v\u1edbi ph\u00eda Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 Campuchia c\u0169ng g\u00e2y ra c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng. Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u1edf Phnom Penh sau cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 1978, trong khi Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 li\u00ean minh du k\u00edch ba b\u00ean, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 Khmer \u0110\u1ecf.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1eb7ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh l\u1edbn ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y sau chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn Hoa K\u1ef3, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1.<\/p>\n Theo cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u201cCu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1eb7ng Ti\u1ec3u B\u00ecnh: Xung \u0111\u1ed9t qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 gi\u1eefa Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, 1979-1991\u201d c\u1ee7a Xiaoming Zhang, cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn g\u1ed3m ba giai \u0111o\u1ea1n: Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t (t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 17 \u0111\u1ebfn 25\/2\/1979) qu\u00e2n Trung Qu\u1ed1c chi\u1ebfm th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng th\u1ecb x\u00e3 Cao B\u1eb1ng, L\u00e0o Cai v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ecb x\u00e3 bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 hai (t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 26 th\u00e1ng 2 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 5 th\u00e1ng 3) l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e1nh L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng l\u00e2n c\u1eadn \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng, Sa Pa v\u00e0 Phong Th\u1ed5 \u1edf ph\u00eda t\u00e2y b\u1eafc. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng (\u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 16\/3) nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Trung Qu\u1ed1c (PLA), tuy c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn nh\u01b0ng thi\u1ebfu kinh nghi\u1ec7m chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u so v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang tr\u1ea3i qua th\u1ef1c chi\u1ebfn, \u0111\u00e3 r\u00fat lui nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Trong khi cu\u1ed9c xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u0169 trang l\u1edbn k\u00e9o d\u00e0i ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng, giao tranh v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c di\u1ec5n ra trong su\u1ed1t nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980.<\/p>\n Tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn tranh<\/strong><\/p>\n Theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Kinh, h\u00e0nh vi sai tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c sau n\u0103m 1975, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua tranh ch\u1ea5p bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ch\u1ed1ng Hoa, \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a quan h\u1ec7 anh em Trung-Vi\u1ec7t. Theo cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u0103m 2011 \u201cChi\u1ebfn tranh tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t: Qu\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d c\u1ee7a Wang Lili, \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1eb7ng b\u00e0y t\u1ecf trong chuy\u1ebfn th\u0103m Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1978: \u201cTrung Qu\u1ed1c c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u201d b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u201cTrung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa.\u201d<\/p>\n V\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn tranh, Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1ea5y Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, v\u1ed1n coi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia nh\u1ecf \u1edf ngo\u1ea1i vi Trung Qu\u1ed1c, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, l\u00e0 th\u1ea5p k\u00e9m v\u00e0 n\u1eb1m trong qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. S\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t c\u00e2n x\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 quy m\u00f4 v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa hai n\u01b0\u1edbc trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7. Trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nu\u1edbc phong ki\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1ef1 x\u01b0ng l\u00e0 ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0ng ra v\u1ebb t\u00f4n k\u00ednh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc \u2013 m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1eadp th\u1eb3ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. S\u1ef1 \u201cv\u00f4 \u01a1n\u201d c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 kho\u1ea3ng 20 t\u1ef7 USD c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, s\u1ef1 \u201cx\u1ea5c x\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5c t\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u s\u1ef1 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh do Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 \u0110\u1eb7ng, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ch\u1edbp nho\u00e1ng, mu\u1ed1n d\u1ea1y cho \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi em \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed\u201d m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc. Tuy nhi\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, \u0110\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eaft gi\u00e1, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 chi\u1ebfn tranh kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 cho Trung Qu\u1ed1c. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ca ng\u1ee3i trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a PLA, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 huy \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n 1\/4 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i d\u00e3 chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n 320.000 qu\u00e2n nh\u01b0ng h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng g\u00ec.<\/p>\n S\u1ef1 gi\u1eadn d\u1eef c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1eb7ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u00f4ng quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i. Trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m ti\u1ebfp theo, h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n l\u00ednh ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ee9c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014<\/p>\n T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u g\u1ed1c b\u1edfi nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c1,\u00a0Christelle Nguy\u1ec5n<\/strong>, c\u00e2y vi\u1ebft quen thu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a Nikkei Asia, Asia Times, SCMP\u2026 (<\/em>How the Sino-Vietnamese War Was Purposefully Forgotten,\u00a0<\/em>In both China and Vietnam, the governments have deliberately tried to bury memories of their 1979 war))<\/em><\/p>\n \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014<\/p>\n (Xem ti\u1ebfp ph\u1ea7n 2:\u00a01979: Sau chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng, l\u1ea1i van xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m \u0111\u00e0n em c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n)<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n The post 1979: M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eabm m\u00e1u, b\u1ecb c\u1ed1 ch\u00f4n v\u00f9i t\u1eeb hai ph\u00eda (ph\u1ea7n 1)<\/a> appeared first on Saigon Nh\u1ecf<\/a>.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Trong cu\u1ed1n ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft \u201cNh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111o\u00e0n t\u1ee5\u201d (\u6218\u53cb\u91cd\u9022) xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 2001 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i Nobel Mo Yan (M\u1ea1c Ng\u00f4n), m\u1ed9t binh s\u0129 Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u2013 Qian Yinghao \u2013 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fa nh\u1eadn tham v\u1ecdng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh anh h\u00f9ng th\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh th\u1eddi b\u00ecnh. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 \u00f4ng r\u1ea5t …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":46788,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[82,239],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-46787","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-society","category-vietnam"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46787","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=46787"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46787\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/46788"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=46787"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=46787"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=46787"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}