Ng\u00e0y 22 Th\u00e1ng M\u01b0\u1eddi, 1990, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n g\u00e2y ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 thu h\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3n n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u1edf Trung \u00c1, x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. V\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n Aral, t\u1eebng l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt l\u1edbn th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00e3 co l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn hai ph\u1ea7n ba, theo c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia t\u1eeb H\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ecba l\u00fd Ho\u00e0ng gia Anh (Royal Geographical Society) chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi BBC.<\/p>\n
Ngay sau khi Li\u00ean X\u00f4 c\u0169 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p v\u00e0o khu v\u1ef1c n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa Kazakhstan v\u00e0 Uzbekistan hi\u1ec7n nay. Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1ecd ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn khi\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u00e0ng ho\u00e0ng: m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n Aral \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m h\u01a1n 14 m\u00e9t k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960, \u0111e d\u1ecda sinh m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a kho\u1ea3ng b\u1ed1n tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1ng quanh v\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n
S\u1ef1 S\u1ee5p \u0110\u1ed5 C\u1ee7a M\u1ed9t V\u00f9ng Kinh T\u1ebf Th\u1ecbnh V\u01b0\u1ee3ng.\u00a0V\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n Aral t\u1eebng l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m kinh t\u1ebf s\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e1nh c\u00e1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, cung c\u1ea5p th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh nh\u1eefng con c\u00e1 d\u00e0i c\u1ea3 m\u00e9t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaft v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n kh\u1eafp Li\u00ean X\u00f4 c\u0169, \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh sa m\u1ea1c c\u1eb1n c\u1ed7i. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn t\u1eeb c\u00e1c x\u00e1c t\u00e0u b\u1ecf hoang \u0111ang g\u1ec9 s\u00e9t tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n kh\u00f4. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1eed vong tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y cao h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c, v\u1edbi 10% tr\u1ebb em ch\u1ebft trong n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eddi. N\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m m\u1eb7n v\u00e0 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m khi\u1ebfn t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 b\u1ec7nh ung th\u01b0, b\u1ec7nh th\u1eadn t\u0103ng cao, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd m\u00e3n t\u00ednh m\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 sau v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i g\u00e1nh ch\u1ecbu.<\/p>\n
Aral \u2013 Bi\u1ec3n n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi huy ho\u00e0ng<\/b><\/p>\n
Trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp ni\u00ean, Bi\u1ec3n Aral \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 tan b\u0103ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c d\u00e3y n\u00fai cao, ch\u1ea3y qua c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia n\u1ed9i l\u1ee5c Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan v\u00e0 Uzbekistan. Bi\u1ec3n t\u1eebng nu\u00f4i nh\u1eefng con c\u00e1 d\u00e0i t\u1edbi c\u1ea3 m\u00e9t, cung c\u1ea5p th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn c\u01b0 d\u00e2n. Khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, thu h\u00fat h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 t\u1eeb kh\u1eafp Ch\u00e2u \u00c1 v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u00f3ng h\u1ed9p c\u00e1 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c khu ngh\u1ec9 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng sang tr\u1ecdng ven b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1920, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Li\u00ean X\u00f4 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00fat n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb bi\u1ec3n Aral \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau cho b\u00f4ng \u2013 \u201cv\u00e0ng tr\u1eafng\u201d c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t Trung \u00c1 \u2013 c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c. Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb hai nh\u00e1nh s\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a bi\u1ec3n Aral \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edbi cho nh\u1eefng c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00f4ng m\u1edbi, v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o v\u00e0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n
H\u1ec7 Qu\u1ea3 Th\u1ea3m Kh\u1ed1c C\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7c Can Thi\u1ec7p Nh\u00e2n T\u1ea1o.\u00a0M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn Bi\u1ec3n Aral t\u00e1ch l\u00e0m hai v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1980. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u0103m 1990 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Anh \u0111\u00e3 kh\u01a1i d\u1eady nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf nh\u1eb1m c\u1ee9u v\u00e3n bi\u1ec3n Aral. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Li\u00ean H\u1ee3p Qu\u1ed1c (UNDP) m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a bi\u1ec3n Aral l\u00e0 \u201cth\u1ea3m h\u1ecda ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20.\u201d<\/p>\n
Trong c\u00e1c th\u1eadp ni\u00ean ti\u1ebfp theo, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu c\u00e0ng l\u00e0m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng th\u00eam h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe. M\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u00e0i h\u01a1n v\u00e0 l\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n, trong khi m\u00f9a h\u00e8 ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n, khi\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u01b0 d\u00e2n v\u00f9ng Aral c\u00e0ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n. \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111ai sa m\u1ea1c h\u00f3a, c\u00e1c c\u01a1n b\u00e3o b\u1ee5i t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n kh\u00f4 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c tr\u00e0n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng m\u1ea1c, l\u00e0m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n
T\u00e1c \u0110\u1ed9ng S\u00e2u S\u1eafc \u0110\u1ebfn S\u1ee9c Kh\u1ecfe Con Ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng lo ng\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng di truy\u1ec1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 con ch\u00e1u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 m\u1eafc ung th\u01b0 cao h\u01a1n do ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u1edbi h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 d\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00f4ng. H\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u c\u01b0 d\u00e2n v\u1eabn s\u1ed1ng quanh bi\u1ec3n Aral trong c\u1ea3nh thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch, \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai c\u1eb1n c\u1ed7i, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1. Nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 b\u1ecf hoang, x\u00e1c t\u00e0u g\u1ec9 s\u00e9t v\u00e0 ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa sa m\u1ea1c l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng cho h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c can thi\u1ec7p nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o v\u00e0o thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n
B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc cho th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/p>\n
Bi\u1ec3n Aral l\u00e0 l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng mong manh gi\u1eefa ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Cu\u1ed9c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u201cv\u00e0ng tr\u1eafng\u201d \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n tr\u00f9 ph\u00fa th\u00e0nh sa m\u1ea1c h\u00f3a, khi\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n sinh t\u1ed3n ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3. Ng\u00e0y nay, khi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0111ang \u0111e d\u1ecda nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda Aral Sea l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i v\u1ea1 s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 \u0111au l\u00f2ng v\u00e0 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c theo d\u00f5i s\u1ef1 h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3n Aral nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c di\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u00e0nh x\u1eed \u00edch k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u201cv\u00e0ng tr\u1eafng\u201d hay l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn kinh t\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n
Ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft l\u1ecbch s\u1eed d\u00e0nh cho Aral Sea l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng r\u1eb1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng khi h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean v\u00ec \u00edch k\u1ef7 hay ngu d\u1ed1t. B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb Aral Sea s\u1ebd c\u00f2n vang v\u1ecdng m\u00e3i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf \u0111au th\u01b0\u01a1ng: m\u1ed7i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f4m nay \u0111\u1ec1u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 mai sau, v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean m\u1edbi mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng b\u1ec1n l\u00e2u cho c\u1ea3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eabn tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n
The post Bi\u1ec3n Aral bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t<\/a> appeared first on Saigon Nh\u1ecf<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Ng\u00e0y 22 Th\u00e1ng M\u01b0\u1eddi, 1990, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n g\u00e2y ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 thu h\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3n n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u1edf Trung \u00c1, x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. V\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n Aral, t\u1eebng l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[72],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-61393","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-entertainment"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61393","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61393"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61393\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61393"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61393"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61393"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}