{"id":61496,"date":"2025-11-07T16:30:11","date_gmt":"2025-11-08T00:30:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/gio-giac-va-dong-ho\/"},"modified":"2025-11-07T16:30:11","modified_gmt":"2025-11-08T00:30:11","slug":"gio-giac-va-dong-ho","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/gio-giac-va-dong-ho\/","title":{"rendered":"Gi\u1edd gi\u1ea5c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ng\u00e0y x\u1eeda ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a, \u00f4ng b\u00e0 ta xem \u00e1nh n\u1eafng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi m\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n gi\u1edd gi\u1ea5c, l\u00fac n\u00e0o th\u00ec l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, l\u00fac n\u00e0o th\u00ec ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi \u1eedng h\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 l\u00fac v\u00e1c c\u00e0y ra \u0111\u1ed3ng; khi n\u1eafng chi\u1ec1u khu\u1ea5t sau ng\u1ecdn tre l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0. C\u1ed5 nh\u00e2n nh\u00ecn r\u00e1ng tr\u1eddi m\u00e0 \u0111o\u00e1n m\u01b0a n\u1eafng, ng\u1eafm sao m\u00e0 t\u00ednh m\u00f9a m\u00e0ng\u2026 C\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ng\u00e0y th\u00e1ng tr\u00f4i qua \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u01a1ng theo th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft m\u00e0 sinh s\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1eddi nay sang \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh l\u00faa n\u01b0\u1edbc chuy\u1ec3n m\u00ecnh, h\u00f3a th\u00e2n th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 vua ch\u00faa, quan l\u1ea1i, binh l\u00ednh. \u0110\u1ec3 ti\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c\u2026 h\u00e0nh ch\u00e1nh, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ng\u00e0y th\u00e1ng, g\u1ecdi l\u00fac c\u00f3 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u00e0 \u201cng\u00e0y,\u201d v\u00e0 khi n\u1eafng t\u1eaft ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u00eam,\u201d theo tr\u0103ng tr\u00f2n \/ khuy\u1ebft m\u00e0 t\u00ednh \u201cth\u00e1ng,\u201d \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft l\u00e0 xu\u00e2n, h\u1ea1, thu, \u0111\u00f4ng hay xu\u00e2n ph\u00e2n, h\u1ea1 ch\u00ed, thu ph\u00e2n, \u0111\u00f4ng ch\u00ed. R\u1ed3i chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u201cti\u1ebft\u201d nh\u01b0 Thanh Minh, L\u1eadp H\u1ea1\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

Cho ch\u1eafc \u0103n, c\u1ed5 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e1c v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u1ebfm th\u1eddi gi\u1edd; m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i m\u00f3n ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

-Khu\u00ea bi\u1ec3u (d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111o b\u00f3ng n\u1eafng) g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u1eb1m ngang (khu\u00ea) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thanh \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng (bi\u1ec3u) th\u1eb3ng g\u00f3c v\u1edbi khu\u00ea \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a b\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 t\u00ednh th\u1eddi gi\u1edd.<\/span>
\n<\/span>-Nh\u1eadt qu\u1ef9 hay \u201cnh\u1eadt quy,\u201d m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 theo \u00e1nh m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi gian. D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc kim qu\u1ef9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u0129a b\u00e0n, tr\u00ean \u0111\u0129a kh\u1eafc 24 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch [kh\u1eafc] \u0111\u1ec1u nhau, kim qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1eb7t vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c \u1edf ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa \u0111\u0129a b\u00e0n, theo b\u00f3ng kim [c\u1ee7a kim qu\u1ef9] ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c kh\u1eafc, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi gian.<\/span><\/p>\n

-L\u00e2u kh\u1eafc (\u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 n\u01b0\u1edbc) g\u1ed3m hai ph\u1ea7n, b\u1ea7u nh\u1ecf n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 b\u1ea7u h\u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc. B\u1ea7u nh\u1ecf n\u01b0\u1edbc chia l\u00e0m 2 \u0111\u1ebfn 4 t\u1ea7ng, m\u1ed7i t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf [gi\u1ecdt] v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u h\u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, trong b\u1ea7u h\u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 m\u0169i t\u00ean th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng, tr\u00ean m\u0169i t\u00ean c\u00f3 100 kh\u1eafc, m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb t\u1eeb d\u00e2ng l\u00ean, theo m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean m\u0169i t\u00ean m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh (th\u1eddi) kh\u1eafc. M\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam (24 gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3) chia l\u00e0m 100 kh\u1eafc, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi 1440 ph\u00fat hi\u1ec7n nay, m\u1ed7i kh\u1eafc t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi 14.4 ph\u00fat.<\/span>
\n<\/span>L\u00e2u kh\u1eafc d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi gi\u1edd, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o th\u1eddi gi\u1edd trong m\u1ecdi th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, b\u1ed5 sung cho \u201cnh\u1eadt qu\u1ef9,\u201d n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e0u c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a xem tr\u1ecdng.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi gi\u1edd kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng \u201cTu\u1ea7n tr\u00e0,\u201d th\u1eddi gian u\u1ed1ng xong m\u1ed9t t\u00e1ch tr\u00e0 hay \u201ctu\u1ea7n h\u01b0\u01a1ng,\u201d kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y h\u01b0\u01a1ng (nhang) ch\u00e1y h\u1ebft. C\u00e1ch \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y \u201cdu di\u201d kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong gi\u1edbi v\u0103n nh\u00e2n ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129; l\u00fac kh\u1ec1 kh\u00e0 nh\u1ea5m nh\u00e1p t\u00e1ch tr\u00e0 n\u00ean l\u00e2u l\u1eafc ho\u1eb7c c\u1ecdng nhang g\u1eb7p gi\u00f3 ch\u00e1y nhanh h\u01a1n. H\u1ecd thong th\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea5t b\u1eadt nh\u01b0 gi\u1edbi c\u00f4ng n\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n gi\u1edd gi\u1ea5c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110o \u0111\u1ebfm th\u1eddi gi\u1edd xem ra quan tr\u1ecdng qu\u00e1 x\u00e1, th\u1eddi gi\u1edd l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c, n\u00ean con ch\u00e1u c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u201c\u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3\u201d c\u1ed5 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t ra \u0111\u1eddi, m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n; t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 k\u1ec1nh c\u00e0ng trang \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o treo gi\u1eefa t\u00f2a h\u00e0nh ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 l\u1edbn nh\u1ecf trong l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i vua ch\u00faa r\u1ed3i lan qua nh\u00e0 th\u1ee9 d\u00e2n khi \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1eadt gia d\u1ee5ng, v\u00e0 sang tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt trang \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 b\u1ecf t\u00fai \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111eo tay.<\/span>
\n<\/span>V\u0103n minh h\u01a1n, c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 ri\u00eang; theo m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, m\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng m\u00e0 t\u00ednh ng\u00e0y \/ \u0111\u00eam t\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u1ea5y r\u1ed3i th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi nhau d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u201cm\u00fai gi\u1edd.\u201d Ta c\u00f3 EST (Eastern Standard Time), Pacific Time \u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ea1y theo gi\u1edd gi\u1ea5c qua c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 ch\u00e1n r\u1ed3i th\u00ec b\u00e1 t\u00e1nh b\u00e0y ra chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1edd, v\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c sau m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfng t\u00f9y theo m\u00f9a g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cdaytime saving time\u201d hay DST. M\u00f9a thu th\u00ec l\u00f9i l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfng, \u201cfalling backward\u201d, m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n th\u00ec \u0111i t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfng \u201cspringing forward\u201d theo ki\u1ec3u ch\u01a1i ch\u1eef x\u1ee9 Hu\u00ea K\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u00ean \/ xu\u1ed1ng \u2026 \u0111\u00fang gi\u1edd!<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00e1ch v\u1edf ghi ch\u00e9p r\u1eb1ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1884, th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u chia th\u00e0nh 24 m\u00fai gi\u1edd (time zone), theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc, kinh tuy\u1ebfn, ch\u1ea1y qua \u0111\u00e0i quan s\u00e1t Greenwich observatory t\u1ea1i\u00a0 London, hay \u201cGreenwich Mean Time\u201d (vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft GMT). Kho\u1ea3ng \u00bc c\u01b0 d\u00e2n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng T\u00e2y \u00c2u, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft Hu\u00ea K\u1ef3 (ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb Arizona v\u00e0 Hawaii) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea5t \u00dac) \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1edd hai l\u1ea7n h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Su\u1ed1t n\u1eeda th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, Arizona v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean gi\u1edd gi\u1ea5c m\u00f9a Thu d\u00f9 b\u1ed9 t\u1ed9c (c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n \u201ct\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb\u201d) Navajo Nation trong l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Arizona l\u1ea1i thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 theo DST. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, b\u1ed9 t\u1ed9c Hopi (The Hopi Reservation), n\u1eb1m g\u1ecdn l\u1ecfn trong v\u00f9ng Navajo Nation, l\u1ea1i theo \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec3u bang Arizona (kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1edd khi m\u00f9a Xu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn).<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m DST \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb \u00f4ng Benjamin Franklin, t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1784 \u00f4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 b\u0103n kho\u0103n v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y thu \u0111\u00f4ng u \u00e1m. Ngay c\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7n nay tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u00e8n \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1eafp s\u00e1ng ti\u00eau x\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng 19% n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 th\u1ea3i ra c\u1ee1 6% carbon dioxide. Tuy nhi\u00ean m\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1907 khi \u00f4ng William Willett, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh, t\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch m\u1ecfng \u201cThe Waste of Daylight\u201d kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c theo bu\u1ed5i r\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f4ng s\u1ebd khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n, ti\u1ebft gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian quanh qu\u1ea9n trong qu\u00e1n r\u01b0\u1ee3u v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ti\u1ebft gi\u1ea3m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5. \u00d4ng Willett qua \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n: Anh Qu\u1ed1c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng DST n\u0103m 1916, Hu\u00ea K\u1ef3 theo ch\u00e2n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1918.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cDaylight saving time\u201d \/ DST kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o th\u00eam m\u1ed9t gi\u1edd sinh ho\u1ea1t trong \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi cho c\u01b0 d\u00e2n. C\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u1ea5y ng\u00e0y nay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i b\u1eadn t\u00e2m n\u1eefa (?) m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c v\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 lui t\u1edbi v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng; nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t vi\u1ec7c \u201clui t\u1edbi\u201d \u1ea5y m\u00e0 c\u00f9 c\u01b0a m\u00e3i ch\u01b0a xong.<\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u1edd gi\u1ea5c h\u00e0nh ch\u00e1nh t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u1eabn \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng DST theo lu\u1eadt h\u00e0nh ch\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a li\u00ean bang qua B\u1ed9 Giao Th\u00f4ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2007. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng s\u1edf, k\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 t\u00e0i ch\u00e1nh, ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u2026 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c theo DST d\u00f9 b\u00e1 t\u00e1nh th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec gi\u1edd gi\u1ea5c theo m\u00f9a Xu\u00e2n v\u00e0 b\u00e3i b\u1ecf vi\u1ec7c l\u00f9i m\u1ed9t gi\u1edd khi v\u00e0o Thu. N\u0103m ngo\u00e1i (2022), Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7n Hoa K\u1ef3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec gi\u1edd gi\u1ea5c m\u00f9a Xu\u00e2n nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u t\u1ea1i sao v\u1eabn n\u1eb1m \u00ec, kh\u00f4ng nh\u00fac nh\u00edch t\u1ea1i H\u1ea1 Vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 khi H\u1ea1 Vi\u1ec7n ch\u01b0a b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu chu\u1ea9n thu\u1eadn th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1 \u00e1n v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a th\u00e0nh lu\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

Phe mu\u1ed1n b\u00e3i b\u1ecf DST th\u00ec k\u00eau la r\u1eb1ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1edd gi\u1ea5c, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c s\u1edbm h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t gi\u1edd l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea3o l\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn ta ng\u1ea7y ng\u1eadt, kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu, th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 u\u1ec3 o\u1ea3i v\u00ec m\u1ea5t ng\u1ee7. C\u00e0ng l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i s\u1ef1 th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi gi\u1edd gi\u1ea5c m\u1edbi xem ra c\u00e0ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n.<\/span>
\n<\/span>Theo \u00f4ng John Milne, the British Medical Journal, hai l\u1ea7n trong n\u0103m khi gi\u1edd gi\u1ea5c thay \u0111\u1ed5i, nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra \u201csocial jetlag\u201d, t\u00ean g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 gi\u1edd gi\u1ea5c (ph\u1ea3i) l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c (theo \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1edbi l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i d\u1eady th\u00ec, c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f2i ng\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t nh\u1ecf cho th\u1ea5y t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3, h\u1ecdc sinh trung h\u1ecdc m\u1ea5t 32 ph\u00fat \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u1ee7 khi \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 v\u1eb7n th\u00eam m\u1ed9t gi\u1edd v\u00e0o m\u00f9a Xu\u00e2n; s\u1ee5t \u0111i\u1ec3m to\u00e1n v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc trong su\u1ed1t hai tu\u1ea7n l\u1ec5 sau khi \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1edd c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m SAT th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc sinh t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng theo DST.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u1ebb em ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u201csocial jetlag\u201d n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 sinh h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch (hay \u201cchronotype\u201d) ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n khi\u1ebfn tr\u1ebb em kh\u00f3 \u0111i v\u00e0o gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7 bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i th\u1ee9c d\u1eady s\u1edbm \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00fang gi\u1edd. S\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch \u201cch\u1eadm\u201d n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng suy lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c t\u1ec9nh t\u00e1o c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea1m hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 tr\u1ebb em \u2018l\u00e8 \u00e8\u2019 ch\u1eadm ch\u1ea1p v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng, c\u00e0ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ee9c s\u1edbm c\u00e0ng ch\u1eadm ch\u1ea1p. Theo b\u00e0i t\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean Canada nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1ch suy lu\u1eadn, t\u00ednh to\u00e1n gi\u1eefa tr\u1ebb em v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng (mid-morning) v\u00e0 bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u (mid-afternoon): m\u1ee9c suy lu\u1eadn, t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb em gia t\u0103ng 10% trong khi ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 suy lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn s\u00fat gi\u1ea3m kho\u1ea3ng 7% v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 tr\u1ebb em xem ra n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u00f3c, t\u1ec9nh t\u00e1o h\u01a1n v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3, Qu\u1ed1c H\u1ed9i Minnesota l\u00e0 ti\u1ec3u bang \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc m\u1edf c\u1eeda tr\u1ec5 h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p \u0111o\u00e0n y s\u0129 ti\u1ec3u bang. Cu\u1ed1i th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 90 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i ngo\u1ea1i \u00f4 Minneapolis \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1edd h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb 7:20 \u0111\u1ebfn 8:30 s\u00e1ng trong khi c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y: H\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 b\u1edbt ng\u1ea7y ng\u1eadt m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi trong khi th\u1ea7y c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c em ch\u00fa \u00fd nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, h\u1ecdc nhanh h\u01a1n trong l\u1edbp. S\u1ed1 tr\u1ebb em v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t c\u0169ng s\u00fat gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ri\u00eang ph\u1ee5 huynh th\u00ec h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng h\u01a1n v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ee9c, th\u00fac d\u1ee5c con c\u00e1i s\u1eeda so\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng khi ch\u00fang c\u00f2n ng\u00e1i ng\u1ee7, ng\u1ea7y ng\u1eadt. T\u1ea1m hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 45-60 ph\u00fat, \u0111\u1ea7u \u00f3c con tr\u1ebb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n.<\/span>
\n<\/span>N\u0103m 2014, H\u1ed9i B\u00e1c S\u0129 Nhi Khoa Hoa K\u1ef3 (the American Academy of Pediatrics) t\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ecnh r\u1eb1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc 8:30 s\u00e1ng s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn tr\u1ebb em tu\u1ed5i d\u1eady th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ee7 gi\u1ea5c v\u00e0 g\u00e2y r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 sinh h\u1ecdc.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i Anh Qu\u1ed1c, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u kho\u1ea3ng 8:50 s\u00e1ng d\u00f9 h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2, tu\u1ed5i 18-19, \u0111\u1ea7u \u00f3c kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng 11 gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean \u1ea5y kh\u00f3 l\u00f2ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i Hu\u00ea K\u1ef3 v\u00ec ng\u00e0y l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 huynh s\u1edbm h\u01a1n, tr\u1ec5 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 9 gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb 7 gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng!<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn, khi \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1edd v\u00e0o m\u00f9a Xu\u00e2n, gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7 b\u1ecb thu ng\u1eafn, s\u1ed1 tai n\u1ea1n gia t\u0103ng khi l\u00e1i xe v\u00e0 l\u00fac \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n m\u00e1y m\u00f3c h\u1ea1ng n\u1eb7ng trong su\u1ed1t hai tu\u1ea7n l\u1ec5 sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3 c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 tr\u1ee5y tim, \u0111\u1ed9t qu\u1ef5, t\u1ef1 t\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ec7nh t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kho\u1ea3ng 40% c\u01b0 d\u00e2n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u201cl\u1eafc l\u01b0\u201d v\u1edbi 2-4 ti\u1ebfng b\u1ecb \u201csocial jetlag\u201d trong khi kho\u1ea3ng 10% c\u01b0 d\u00e2n v\u1eabn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 ng\u1ee7 4-6 ti\u1ebfng m\u1ed7i \u0111\u00eam.<\/span>
\n<\/span>Tuy nhi\u00ean, gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1ee7 s\u1edbm k\u1ebb th\u1ee9c khuya \u0111\u1ebfn 1-2 gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng. K\u1ebb ng\u1ee7 mu\u1ed9n khi ph\u1ea3i th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea5c kho\u1ea3ng 6:30 s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ecbp gi\u1edd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c l\u00fac 8-9 gi\u1edd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ecdi v\u1edbi thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh.<\/span>
\n<\/span>Khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ee9c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u \u00f3c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ean cao \/ xu\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5p v\u00e0i l\u1ea7n trong ng\u00e0y. Trung b\u00ecnh, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng suy lu\u1eadn l\u00ean cao nh\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa 10-12 gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng; m\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p l\u00ean cao nh\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 12 -14 gi\u1edd chi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n [theo to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc] nhanh nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o l\u00fac 21 gi\u1edd (9 gi\u1edd t\u1ed1i) (?). \u0110\u1ea7u \u00f3c th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ec tr\u1ec7, th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 ng\u1ea7y ng\u1eady m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi trong kho\u1ea3ng 14-15 gi\u1edd.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a gi\u1edd gi\u1ea5c tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 sinh h\u1ecdc, chronotype, v\u1eabn \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u00ecn chung, c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 sinh h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 gi\u1edd gi\u1ea5c t\u1ec9nh \/ th\u1ee9c. Khi c\u00f4ng s\u1edf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 uy\u1ec3n chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 gi\u1edd gi\u1ea5c thay v\u00ec \u0111\u1eb7t gi\u1edd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, d\u00f9ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e0i n\u0103ng, th\u00ec m\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean s\u1ebd cao h\u01a1n v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u1ecfe kho\u1eafn, an vui h\u01a1n v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c.<\/span>
\n<\/span>L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft tuy d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00f3 l\u00f2ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc v\u1ec1 gi\u1edd gi\u1ea5c uy\u1ec3n chuy\u1ec3n cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00ec qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n: C\u00f4ng x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf c\u1eeda \/ \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda theo nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi? L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau trong cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t gi\u1edd gi\u1ea5c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c?<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00ec ra sinh s\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng\/x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u00e9p l\u00f2ng th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi chung quanh d\u00f9 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 (\u00e2m th\u1ea7m ho\u1eb7c ngang nhi\u00ean) ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i.<\/span><\/p>\n

The post Gi\u1edd gi\u1ea5c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3<\/a> appeared first on Saigon Nh\u1ecf<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ng\u00e0y x\u1eeda ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a, \u00f4ng b\u00e0 ta xem \u00e1nh n\u1eafng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi m\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n gi\u1edd gi\u1ea5c, l\u00fac n\u00e0o th\u00ec l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, l\u00fac n\u00e0o th\u00ec ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i. Khi ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi \u1eedng h\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 l\u00fac v\u00e1c c\u00e0y ra \u0111\u1ed3ng; khi n\u1eafng chi\u1ec1u khu\u1ea5t sau ng\u1ecdn tre l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0. C\u1ed5 nh\u00e2n nh\u00ecn …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[72],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-61496","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-entertainment"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61496","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61496"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61496\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61496"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61496"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61496"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}