Trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i m\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecdn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u0103ng \u1ea3nh hay gi\u1eef im l\u1eb7ng tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng gian s\u1ed1 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00e2y t\u00f2 m\u00f2. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng chia s\u1ebb kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc du l\u1ecbch, kh\u00f4ng khoe h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed3 \u0103n, c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n m\u1edbi su\u1ed1t nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m. Ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng h\u1ecd \u0111ang che gi\u1ea5u \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec? Hay \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, h\u1ecd \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi?<\/p>\n
1. Nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu<\/p>\n
Theo thuy\u1ebft b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3 ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu (Looking-glass self) c\u1ee7a Charles Horton Cooley, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n th\u00f4ng qua \u00e1nh nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. M\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u00fat like v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfc g\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 gi\u00fap ta \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n.<\/p>\n
Ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u0103ng \u1ea3nh c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn, khen ng\u1ee3i, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u0103ng \u1ea3nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 cao h\u01a1n trong nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c: h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u00e1nh nh\u00ecn b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 kh\u00e9p k\u00edn, m\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u1ef1 do tinh th\u1ea7n tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n
2. C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0<\/p>\n
M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef im l\u1eb7ng tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb, m\u00e0 v\u00ec h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00f9ng ri\u00eang t\u01b0. Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi s\u1ed1 v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 n\u01a1i th\u00f4ng tin c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng b\u1ecb khai th\u00e1c, b\u00f3p m\u00e9o ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1. S\u1ef1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u0103ng \u1ea3nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e2m l\u00fd, gi\u00fap h\u1ecd ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n trong m\u1eaft c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n
T\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc g\u1ecdi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc (selective boundary) m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf gi\u00fap c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng do ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c soi x\u00e9t qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eebng tr\u1ea3i qua t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u2013 nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb b\u1eaft n\u1ea1t, b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i, hay b\u1ecb l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng ni\u1ec1m tin \u2013 th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n xu h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1eef k\u00edn \u0111\u1eddi t\u01b0, c\u1ea3 trong kh\u00f4ng gian th\u1eadt l\u1eabn \u1ea3o.<\/p>\n
3. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1ed1ng th\u1eadt<\/p>\n
Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u0103ng \u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f4i khi l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m phong ph\u00fa. H\u1ecd t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u00fd ngh\u0129a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng trong tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n h\u01a1n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00e1n th\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f4ng khai. Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1eef im l\u1eb7ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng th\u1eadt\u00a0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng v\u1edbi v\u0103n h\u00f3a ph\u00f4 di\u1ec5n.<\/p>\n
H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft xem m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0 x\u1ea5u, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd d\u00f9ng n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quan s\u00e1t h\u01a1n l\u00e0 s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n. Trong t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc nh\u00e2n v\u0103n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t theo Carl Rogers, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m (congruence) \u2013 khi \u201ct\u00f4i th\u1eadt\u201d v\u00e0 \u201ct\u00f4i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ra ngo\u00e0i\u201d kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch pha.<\/p>\n
4. S\u1ef1 c\u00f4 \u0111\u01a1n hay s\u1ef1 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc?<\/p>\n
C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ai kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u0103ng \u1ea3nh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f4 l\u1eadp, kh\u00e9p k\u00edn ho\u1eb7c t\u1ef1 ti. Nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng v\u1eady.<\/p>\n
M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 thay v\u00ec chia s\u1ebb c\u00f4ng khai. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i s\u00e2u s\u1eafc trong \u0111\u1eddi th\u1ef1c\u00a0 qua nh\u1eefng bu\u1ed5i g\u1eb7p m\u1eb7t, tin nh\u1eafn ri\u00eang\u00a0 thay v\u00ec ph\u01a1i b\u00e0y c\u1ea3m x\u00fac cho \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n
\u1ede g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c, s\u1ef1 im l\u1eb7ng tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f4i khi ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh n\u1ed7i m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi t\u00e2m l\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e1p l\u1ef1c so s\u00e1nh. M\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i t\u1ea1o ra \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac \u2013 n\u01a1i ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n ta. Vi\u1ec7c ng\u1eebng \u0111\u0103ng \u1ea3nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u, gi\u00fap h\u1ecd l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh an v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng tinh th\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n
5. V\u0103n h\u00f3a, th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 v\u00e0 b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh<\/p>\n
Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 c\u0169ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng. Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u00c1 \u0110\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, vi\u1ec7c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c v\u1eabn b\u1ecb xem l\u00e0 ph\u00f4 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebft ch\u1ebf h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb.<\/p>\n
H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o ho\u1eb7c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u00e9p k\u00edn, vi\u1ec7c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f2n mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong ng\u00e0nh t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c t\u00e2m l\u00fd tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u th\u01b0\u1eddng \u00fd th\u1ee9c s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c gi\u1eef ranh gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n
6. Im l\u1eb7ng \u2013 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c giao ti\u1ebfp m\u1edbi<\/p>\n
\u0110i\u1ec1u th\u00fa v\u1ecb l\u00e0, im l\u1eb7ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p. Vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u0103ng \u1ea3nh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \u201cT\u00f4i \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n b\u1ea1n ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c cho \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3.\u201d<\/p>\n
Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u1ed3n \u00e0o c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, im l\u1eb7ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7y \u2013 n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n
T\u1eaft m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi,<\/p>\n
Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u0103ng \u1ea3nh l\u00ean m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 \u1ea9n d\u1eadt hay l\u01b0\u1eddi giao ti\u1ebfp. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111ang l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c h\u01a1n n\u01a1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o b\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3t th\u00edch, m\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh an n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n
Gi\u1eefa th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1, vi\u1ec7c d\u00e1m gi\u1eef im l\u1eb7ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh vi d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m: d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea1y theo xu h\u01b0\u1edbng, kh\u00f4ng so s\u00e1nh, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t m\u00ecnh trong \u00e1nh \u0111\u00e8n \u1ea3o c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n
Theo b\u1ea1n, b\u1ea1n ngh\u0129 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n
(Cre: Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc & Th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc)<\/p>\n
The post T\u00f2 m\u00f2 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u0103ng \u1ea3nh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n l\u00ean m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/a> appeared first on Saigon Nh\u1ecf<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i m\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecdn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u0103ng \u1ea3nh hay gi\u1eef im l\u1eb7ng tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng gian s\u1ed1 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00e2y t\u00f2 m\u00f2. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng chia s\u1ebb kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc du l\u1ecbch, kh\u00f4ng khoe h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed3 \u0103n, c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[96],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-61565","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-behavioral-health"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61565","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61565"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61565\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61565"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61565"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vietvalley.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61565"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}